托福写作 学霸的高分套路

首先，从 PBT 到 iBT 的转变就是凸显有用性。 比如听力考试中的重听题和阅读中的修辞目的题，考察的就是学生从简单理解到进一步分析的能力，这两类题型的作用就是测评学生是否能在 听懂读懂 的基础上分析判断 。

其次，讲到了我们和学生最关心的评分问题，尤其是写作评分中神秘的 E-Rater. E-Rater is more consistent than humanrater. 这是她反复强调的一句话， E-Rater 会从三个方面来判断一篇文章：

1.Complex Sentences 2. High-LevelVocabulary 3. Development of Ieas 。

ETS 一共有17350个经过严格筛选的评分员 ，这些 评分员基本都是大学教授或英语语言专家。

每次托福考试的写作文章会由评分部 随机分给全美17350个评分员进行第一次评分 ，之后会由 E-Rater 进行第二次评分：

如果这两个分数的 差异小于1分 则平均之后就是考生的作文分；

如果评分员和 E-Rater 的分数 差异超过 1.5 分 则需要第二个评分员为这篇文章进行第三次评分；

如果三次评分的 差异小于 1.5 则取平均值；

如果三个分值的 差异大于 1.5 则删除高的那个分，低的两个分取平均值。 第三：一个大家很关心的问题：字数越多分数越高吗？

shengmilton 老师我笑了，说： 字数越多犯错的可能性就越大哦 ！ 独立写作的文章300字左右是比较恰当的 ，一篇 好文章 不 在于 写了多少字，而是 如何展开及论证题目 (Topic evelopment is the most important issue here) 有人说要用两个例子，有的人说三个例子，其实如果你只有例子没有很好地贴合题目的论证展开，完全没有意义。她恳切地说： No memorize language! 不要背模板哦！ 模板化的语言无论是对于评分员还是 E-Rater 都是极其容易辨认的 。考生应用自己的语言表达和展开观点，不要盲目相信模板。 

范文干货来了，粘贴打印背起来。。。。

1. Do you agree or isagree with the following statement? Parents are the best teachers. Use specific reasons an examples to support your answer.

Obviously, the earliest teachers we have in our lives in most cases are our parents, an they are generally the most involve in the evelopment an eucation of their chilren. Yet neither are all parents goo teachers nor are those goo parents the best teachers.

First of all, not all parents are goo teachers. As normal iniviuals, some parents more or less have ba habits. Even though parents almost instinctively evote themselves to cultivating their offspring, the outcome might turn out to be isappointment, for all chilren ten to unconsciously or subconsciously copy every thing from their parents. Another eficiency of parents as teachers is the fact that most parents are lack of common senses of eucation. All too often we observe some parents ten to pursue theircherishe but faile ream by forcing their chilren to evelop in a prearrange irection. Ironically, if their chilren i not follow the instructions, the chilren woul be regare as isobeient or allegely rebellious. In fact, it is parents rather than their chilren that virtually isobey common senses.

Moreover, some parents are qualifie as goo teachers, but not all of them are the best ones. When chilren are in the preliminary school, it is not surprising that parents are capable of teaching their chilren almost every subject even better than professional teachers in the school. But the situation will not last long. We live in a worl where knowlege is accumulate by multiplying an at the same time becomes more an more specialize. Therefore, to be a professional in a certain fiel toay takes much longer time than ever before. No parent is able to be professional in all fiels, though they might be experts in one or more fiels. Wise parents often release rather than charge their chilren as early as possible. They are aware of the possibility outsie the family.

Parents may,nevertheless, help their chilren much more than o goo teachers. Most parts of chilren eucation are virtually beyon teachers' reaches. It is parents that supplement. Psychology stuies have shown us that parents' love sometimes has astonishingly magic power to their chilren. Albert Einstein's mother an Forest Gump's mother are both goo examples. On the other han, parents might o their chilren harm more than o ba teachers as well. The natures of those chilren whose parents have ivorce are often severely istorte. In a wor, it is rather superficial to simply say that parents are the best teachers.

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4. It has been sai, "Not everything that is learne is containe in books." Compare an contrast knowlege gaine from experience with knowlege gaine from books. In your opinion, which source is more important? Why?

Both experiences an books are very essential resources, an both of them have relevant merits.

Experiences are the most irect resources we ever have.Almost our every basic skill came from experiences, such as walking, articulating, reaing even thinking. Without experiences, some natural born abilities even might lose. Stuies have shown that a baby who was robbe by animals into forest for 12 years lost his ability to talk in human language. Furthermore, it is generally accepte that each an every skill evelops by experiences, an that's why people always say practice makes perfect.

Books are valuable when knowlege is beyon the scope of our experiences.Perhaps the most obvious examples are those fluent writers. They write various stories, the scopes of which are far beyon any iniviual's experiences. Take Joyce Carol Oates for example, her prouctivity has been proigious, accumulating in less than two ecaes to nearly thirty titles, incluing novels, collections of short stories an verse, plays an literary criticism. Although some of them appear to come from her own irect observations, her reams, an her fears, much more is clearly from the experiences of others. Her fictive worl remains strikingly akin to that real one reflecte in the aily newspapers, the television news an talk shows, an the popular magazines of our ay.

Yet either experiences or books may give us wrong information.Our irect observations always are subject to our beliefs, hopes, fears, expectations, an our bias, which might make observations unreliable. People vary in their powers of observation, an the reliability of our observations is no better than the reliability of our memories, which as we know can be eceptive. Information printe in papers sometimes is unreliable either, it may be misprinte, or even eliberately istorte. For example, Definitions such as Marxism, Capitalism, Zionism are totally ifferent in the Oxfor Learner's Dictionary of Current English between the original eition an the sanctione Russian eition.

In conclusion, both sources are important.Sometimes one is more important than the other in accorance with specific circumstances. For example, when we make a general survey about a certain subject, we may prefer rich references in library. On the other han, if we want to know more specific etails, we ha better refer to experiences such as results of carefully esigne experiments.

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7. How o movies or television influence people's behavior? Use reasons an specific examples to support your answer.

The impact that moern mass meia such as movies or televisions has ha on our aily life, an society in general, is uneniable. No oubt it will become even greater as the scope of mass meia continues to grow, an as the relevant technologies become more an more sophisticate, an so fascinating that virtually noboy will be able to escape. Alreay, it can be seen how western movies are exercising influence on our youth generation: they grow long-hair regarless of their sex, commonly part of which are ye in gol; they wear jeans in each an every season, usually knees of which are eliberately tattere; boys are fon of earrings or other o penants; an girls are keen on Marlboros an weir coarse languages.

The major means that mass meia influence the public is by creating topics of iscussion in the society. Mass meia offers people (the consumers) issues to talk an think about.Titanic ha brought a worlwie uproar by its extolling an of fascinating immortal love; Prime Color an Wag the og met the national ebate on right an uty of the presient of the Unite States. Antiwar movies such as Tears of the Sun an All Quiet On The Western Front among numerous others have been raising the question that is any war really to uphol justice or is it really worthy that an iniviual makes sacrifices to his country an at the same time ignores his own family or his personal values?

Mass meia also shapes our unerstaning of what is important an what is not important (to know). The "important" issues are to be foun on the first pages of the newspaper (/in the beginning of a television program). The "not important" stories are the ones that are not being tol at all. The "not very important" stories are probably very short an hien in the last pages. In fact censorships present all mass meia incluing its istributing means such as the Internet. By prearranging public issue, the mass meia makes ecisions for us.Even though there are critical thinking iniviuals in any society, they are efinite minority; the public in whole in ee lack skills of critical thinking, an therefore they are often le by the meia.

In brief, mass meia, by offering topics an affecting the ways in which we iscuss “the important issues”, has a strong influence on our perception of the truth, of the worl or of the structure of our society, we have to amit that it has a role in our lives as a source of information, experiences, entertainment, amusement an relaxation.

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8. Do you agree or isagree with the following statement? Television has estroye communication among friens an family. Use specific reasons an examples to support your opinion.

While television has been somewhat harmful in its effects, it has harly "estroye" communication among friens an family, although for some people, the assertion that television has estroye communication among friens an family seems true.

Television, invente in last century, with its wie availability, increasingly prosperous programs, becomes one of the most powerful means of communication in the history, an is more an more ifficult to ignore. Television is as much a part of our lives as are our meals, work, or school; stuies consistently show that the average American chil spens almost as much time watching television as oes she in school.We all have only 24 hours a ay an it is clear that the more time one spens on watching television, the less time one oes with his or her family an friens.Hence we see the passage in the newspaper or magazine title "Television took my husban away from me."

Tempting as such claim might be, it is harly true. It is not television took her husban away from her, but the increasing pressures of moern life i it. We have no efinite evience to say people nowaays enure more pressures than i their counterparts in the past, but it is absolutely true that people nowaays unergo great pressures that come from various irections, incluing work, school, economy, an so forth. Investigations show that people who earn more than 50, 000 yuan annually spen at least 60 hours on work per week, much more than those who earn 20,000 yuan annually. Toay a bachelor egree may no longer guarantee a well pai job, more an more companies post their want as claiming that applicants must have at least master egrees, which take two or three years longer.

In a wor, people nowaays have very little time for anything; television is merely among many other factors that affect communication, an is efinitely not the main cause of egraation. It seems that the more one is eucate, the more one is aware of the eleterious effects that excessive television causes, an either eliberatelyavoi it or actually o not enjoy it.On the other han, there really are many people aictive to television. But the fact is, were television not existent, surely these people woul have foun other escapes, such as alcohol or gambling, for example. In other wors, people always fin a way to o what they want to o.Therefore, I o not agree that television has estroye communication among friens an family.

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9. Some people prefer to live in a small town. Others prefer to live in a big city. Which place woul you prefer to live in? Use specific reasons an etails to support your answer.

People selom agree with each other even in such trivial issues as preference between a big city an a small town. It’s a little bit haste to say that it is better to live in a big city than to live in a small town, or vice versus.

Living in a big city has several benefits. First, there’re more job opportunities reaily available in big cities than in a small town. Furthermore, not merely there are more job positions in big cities, the qualities of the position are much higher as well. In aition, the pay is more ecent. Secon, chilren are suppose to be able to receive an eucation with a higher quality compare with their counterparts who live in a small town. For families, chilren’s eucation is always put in the first place. Finally, living in a big city has a superior overall living stanar to that in a small town. There are more commoities an services in city markets; there are more public utilities available in big cities; there are even much more television channels in big cities.

However, living in a small town also has some avantages. People who live in a small town often have a much comfortable life style. Most of them are immune from suffering of high working stress. Although the average pay is much less than that of big cities, the price of aily necessities, such as vegetables or meat, is usually more inexpensive. Instea of suffering loneliness which is prevalent in big cities, chilren might grow up more healthily because of harmonious relationship among resients in small town. People in a small town o not have to get up so early in the morning because there has been no traffic jam, an no boy rive so fast in a small town as to cause accients. They might have fewer channels in television, but they have more friens reaily available to chat or entertain with.

Accoring to my current situation, although I am longing for the cozy atmosphere an relationship among neighbors an friens which almost only exist in big cities, I have chosen to live in one of the biggest cities in my country --- Beijing, since I have foun a pretty goo job here, an a ecent pay. I think I woul prefer living a small town when I get retire one ay.

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17. Some people think that they can learn better by themselves than with a teacher. Others think that it is always better to have a teacher. Which o you prefer? Use specific reasons to evelop your essay.

Whether we nee a teacher or not epens on circumstances. The relationship between a teacher an a new subject is somewhat similar to that between a tour guie an an unknown city.

When we come to an unknown city for the first time, we efinitely nee a tour guie. We might have a etaile map, but it is unlikely functional – it isn't surprise that we can harly interpret those mysterious symbols. Likewise, when we are beginners, it is wise to learn with teachers. They can tell us where to begin with, what we shoul o, an which reference we shoul choose. When we confront ifficulties, we can ask them for help, an their avices will always be tremenously helpful. With teachers' assistance, we might learn easier, faster, an more interestingly.

After a perio of time, we have learne a lot. We now know the city pretty well, even though there still are many places we haven't been. It oesn't matter. Now that we are able to recognize those mysterious symbols on the map, what we nee perhaps is not a tour guie but a more etaile map. Similarly, we nee richer references for learning. Yes, there are still many fiels unexplore; they are, nevertheless, no longer puzzling. The task is simple: we will explore them one by one, little by little. If we are working on a certain skill, practice more; if we are preparing a test, practice more; whatever we are learning, just remember, like people always say, practice makes perfect.

After another perio of time, we might have become others' tour guie, but we still want to know more. We want to know which restaurant is the most ecent, which bookstore is the most professional, which coffee shop is the most classical. Even the most comprehensive map oesn't have aequate information. We again nee experts. In learning, it's much the same. We nee experts to consult for specific problems. Furthermore, the most beneficial merit of consulting experts is that we can not merely refer to them but even iscuss with them in epth. As is often the case, a solution for a complex matter is not waiting for us right there an then, sometimes it comes out of inspirations of iscussion.

In short, having a goo teacher is always better than having none, but the importance of a teacher varies from perio to perio, from stage to stage.

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21. In general, people are living longer now. Discuss the causes of this phenomenon.

Among various factors that contribute to toay's longevity of people are three most obvious ones: the improvement of foo conitions, the evelopment of moern meical technology, an finally current stability of economy in our country.

Foo conitions are better than before an are still being evelope with a rapi pace. First of all, foos are more hygienic. People toay rink untainte mineral water, sterilize skim milk, which are cheaply supplie in supermarkets. Furthermore, foos are more nutrient. Not to mention various carefully esigne nutrient proucts, people can just ignore the possibility of being ystrophic, in that they can keep nutrient balance by simply taking a cheap pill of vitamin compoun every ay.

Another essential improvement that contributes to people's longevity is swiftly eveloping meical technology. Development of moern technology has always been amazing. Certain iseases such as tuberculosis, pneumonia, an ysentery are now easy to remey with low expenses, but in the past, they are all probably lethal ones. The ental technology seems evelope little except its exorbitantly charge bill, yet the simplest technology contributes to people's longevity most. It is not ifficult to imagine that if an iniviual who live in the past got a toothache, without certain ental care which is common toay, he was certainly in an awful prospect: he might even ie of a toothache!

Current societal an economic stabilization is also a very inispensable factor. People have less pressure in a more stable society, the less pressure they suffer, the healthier they are. Toay's ieal stabilization even provies people an opportunity to secure their future – buy insurances. Various types of insurances are reaily available, which make people feel safe, an have to a large extent reuce people' anxieties, an therefore inirectly contribute significantly to longevity of people.

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24. A person you know is planning to move to your town or city. What o you think this person woul like an islike about living in your town or city? Why.

If my frien Joey wants to move to Beijing, I think she will efinitely like this greatest city in our country, even though she might fin something she islikes.

The weather might be one thing that she islikes. The weather in Beijing is characterize by ry climate an it is much winy an usty than that of Guangzhou city. Joey is very sensitive about her skin, so she will efinitely hate usty wins in Beijing. Moreover, Beijing's winter is far too much coler than that of Guangzhou, it might take Joey, as many other people came from the South, a very long time to get accustome to. Nevertheless, she might well enjoy winter in the North, since she has never seen snowflakes in reality. I remembere the shining of yearning an eager in her eyes when I once tol her what winters in the North look like.

She might be always irritate by heavy traffic in Beijing, though taxis in Beijing cost much less than in Guangzhou. When I was in Guangzhou, selom was I trappe by traffic jams. It must be riiculous for her to have spent more than two hours an still in't arrive at the estination which is merely 10-kilometer away. An the most luicrous thing is, even if you possess a private car, it is more likely to be useless, for parking lots are always crowe, which means more time is to be waste. One goo news for her is that the bus system an subway system in Beijing are well evelope an more convenient, an an even more elight one is that she won't have to bear that oor of bromhirosis owing to burning weather as she once experience in buses of Guangzhou.

What she will efinitely love is the cultural ethos of the city. Beijing has a history probably longer than any other big city in China. To visit all historical lanscapes in Beijing, she will nee at least three years, no kiing! Beijing has the most famous an excellent universities, the largest libraries, the richest museums, yet most important of all, her best frien! Amazingly, in this age city, people are sometimes more international. Joey is especially fon of art, an Beijing is the right place for her, which is much frequente for concerts of international singers or other musicians, an she will even be able to atten CuiJian's private concert in a coffee shop on a rainy autumn weeken.

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27. Do you agree or isagree with the following statement? People shoul sometimes o things that they o not enjoy oing. Use specific reasons an examples to support your answer.

We live in a worl in which every one wants to be successful. Nothing is wrong about the esire to be No. 1, an there is no oubt that being successful is enjoyable. There really is something wrong, nevertheless, to think we coul be finally successful by only oing things that we o enjoy oing. People often are amaze by the glorious appearance of a skyscraper, at the same time, they shoul be conscious of the fact that the skyscraper ha taken a long time to construct, maybe much longer time to esign, an possibly even several workers' lives uring the constructing process!

We may categorize things into two groups, the enjoyable an the unenjoyable; at the same time, another category can be mae: the necessary an the unnecessary. The point is, things that are necessary are not always enjoyable an things that are enjoyable sometimes may be unnecessary. Doing things that are necessary rather than those that are merely enjoyable is not only helpful but it might also be inispensable for iniviual success. We all amire even envy those who now have attaine great achievements, such those famous stars as, Jacky Chen, Jet Li, for example. We shoul, however, be aware of the exorbitant prices they have pai for their present glories. Jacky Chen once tol that when he was still a teenager, he an his partners were require to practice more than 12 hours a ay; an it was sai that Jet Li was sent to be an apprentice when he was harly four years ol! Apparently, those seemingly cruel harships ha turne out to be the best gifts years later. But for yesteray's struggle, toay's glories coul not exist.

Things that are both enjoyable an necessary or both unenjoyable an unnecessary selom exist. We may islike some curriculums in university, such as mathematics or history, but they are necessary; we may prefer leisure times to work ays, but the latter are necessary. The list will go on an may be an enless one. Pursuing a successful life is nothing more than making wise ecisions, by “wise” we mean the choice of oing the necessary first.

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33. You have receive a gift of money. The money is enough to buy either a piece of jewelry you like or tickets to a concert you want to atten. Which woul you buy?

It seems not a ifficult ecision for me. But if I was given the gift of money in ifferent time, I woul have ifferent answers.

If I was given the money when I was in my high school, I will buy a ticket to a concert. I ha been longing for attening concerts of famous artists to enjoy those transcenent pieces such as saxophone of Kenny G., rock an roll of Cuijian, an romantic songs of Luo Dayou. Unfortunately Ijust was not able to affor those exorbitant prices. The money I was given shoul be better if enough for several tickets, for that means I coul take along my best friens, whose situations were much similar to mine.

If I was given the money when I was in the university, I will buy a fine piece of jewelry, an give it to my girl frien as a casual present, for we might enjoy a certain concert, but harly coul it be permanently impressive. Memories are always not reliable. We ten to simply forget any thing – at least memories are somewhat istorte – if time past long enough. But if I bought my girl frien a piece of jewelry, not costly though it might be, it woul be a perfect reminer, being never change.

If I was given the money recently, it woul only make me feel funny. I on't want to go to concerts anymore, because I became more an more reluctant to present in crow public places, besies I have bought a super Hi-Fi which always brings me ienticalpleasure. An I on't want to buy any jewelry, for it is meaningless for a man who is now solitary. Nevertheless, if I was force to accept some money as a gift – it harly happens –I might buy some books, after all, reaing always makes me relaxe an amaze.

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